Research Institute of Hawzah and University; "Hawzah wa Dāneshgāh Research Institute"
Journal of Iran's Economic Essays (JIEE)
1735-3300
2588-5812
2
4
2005
09
23
Determinants of Profitability in Oligopoly and Oligopsony Markets
11
33
FA
Majid
Ahmadian
Faculty Member of Tehran University
Mohamd ali
Motafaker Azad
Faculty Member of Tabriz University
This paper provides a theoretical model in which the firms within a<br />processing industry behave in an oligopolistic and oligopsonistic<br />market simultaneously. The model developed yields an equation for<br />profit margin influenced by determinants of marginal processing cost<br />as well as distortions in both markets. By pooled cross section and<br />time series data, the equation is estimated for eleven sugar factories<br />involved in Tehran Exchange Market over the period of ١٩٩٦-٢٠٠٣.<br />Applications for both markets indicate that with an increase in both<br />the input share and output share, it causes an increase in the profit<br />margin; however, it reduces due to increasing in wages fuel and<br />energy costs. With competitive oligopsonistic market, the collusion<br />degree initiated by Clarke and Davies (١٩٨٢) in oligoppolistic market<br />is estimated. It turns out that the collusion parameter is lower and<br />negligible since price elasticity of demand is a faction for the quasi<br />price elasticity, but by considering only quasi price demand elasticity,<br />the degree of collusion is estimated to be higher.
Collusion Degree,Marginal Processing Cost,Profit Margin,Oligopoly,Oligopsony
https://iee.rihu.ac.ir/article_314.html
https://iee.rihu.ac.ir/article_314_fecf20ecf0ee1eebb1d3cd08d03ec30f.pdf
Research Institute of Hawzah and University; "Hawzah wa Dāneshgāh Research Institute"
Journal of Iran's Economic Essays (JIEE)
1735-3300
2588-5812
2
4
2005
09
23
Compensating for the Deduction of Money Value; theory and practice
35
57
FA
Sayyed Hossein
Mirjalili
Faculty Member of Institute of Humanities & Cultural studies
In three – last decades, one of the economic issues of Iran has been<br />"Deduction of money value ". To stand against the unpleasant<br />consequences of deduction of money value, the theory of<br />compensating for the deduction of money value through indexing<br />debts was propounded in Iran, based on Islamic jurisprudential and<br />economic reasons. Subsequently, annexing a note to article ١٠٨٢ of<br />civil law and granting bank interest by calculating rate of consuming<br />goods and services inflation has introduced according to law.<br />Considering analytical and contrastive method, the article, first,<br />evaluates Islamic jurisprudential and economic theory of<br />compensating for deduction of money value, then, practical problems,<br />come out of applying this theory in Iran's economy are disscused<br />here. This research article hypothesized that indexing would not be<br />an appropriate method to compensate for deduction of money value<br />because of practical and theoretical reasons.
Money,Deduction of money value,Compensation,Indexing,Inflation
https://iee.rihu.ac.ir/article_315.html
https://iee.rihu.ac.ir/article_315_ede83785ec8c085db6e07836d2a7c6b6.pdf
Research Institute of Hawzah and University; "Hawzah wa Dāneshgāh Research Institute"
Journal of Iran's Economic Essays (JIEE)
1735-3300
2588-5812
2
4
2005
09
23
The Sources of the Industrial Sector Growth of the Economy of Iran
58
82
FA
Abolfazl
Shah-Abadi
Faculty member of Abo ali sina university
shahabadia@yahoo.com
The aim of this study is to assess the role of Total factor Productivity)<br />TFP) growth, Labor growth and physical capital growth on the<br />Iranian Industrial and mines Sector growth by applying production<br />function during the third, fourth and fifth development plan ( ١٩٦٣-<br />١٩٧٧) and the first, second and third economic, social and cultural<br />development plan of Islamic republic of Iran(١٩٨٩-٢٠٠٤).<br />The main findings are as follows:<br />The sources of the Industrial and mines sector growth order of<br />Iranian economy in the period of third, fourth and fifth development<br />plan before the Islamic revolution of Iran (١٩٦٣-١٩٧٧) are physical<br />capital, labor and TFP growth rate respectively.<br />٢- The sources of Industrial and mines sector growth order of Iran<br />in the period of the first, second and third economic, social and<br />cultural development plan of Islamic republic of Iran (١٩٨٩-٢٠٠٤) are<br />physical capital, TFP and labor growth rate respectively.<br />٣- TFP growth, labor and phyical capital productivity growth and<br />Industrial sector value added growth has experienced sever<br />fluctuating for the period of ١٩٦٣-٢٠٠٤.
Total Factor Productivity,Labor and Physical Capital Productivity and Industrial Sector Growth
https://iee.rihu.ac.ir/article_316.html
https://iee.rihu.ac.ir/article_316_5f1adcd1b352d9c2e41d4c0a569f94c1.pdf
Research Institute of Hawzah and University; "Hawzah wa Dāneshgāh Research Institute"
Journal of Iran's Economic Essays (JIEE)
1735-3300
2588-5812
2
4
2005
09
23
Price fixing from the Islamic Jurisprudence & Economics perspective
83
114
FA
Sayyed
Reza Husseini
Faculty Member of Economics Dep. of H&U. INS
srhoseini@rihu.ac.ir
Fixing Price and its related policy is an important issue which is<br />discussed not only in jurisprudential and traditional texts, but also in<br />economics. With an emphasis on interdisciplinary approach, the<br />article tends to consider government fixing prices of goods and<br />services from the epistemological jurisprudence & economics<br />perspective. Even at the situation of monopoly and hoarding up, the<br />government is not authorized for fixing prices, as the article tries to<br />focus on. To come up with the discussion and achieving a<br />comprehensive understanding over it, nature of price and its position<br />in economic system is also considered here.
Price,Fixing prices,Government,market,Hoard up
https://iee.rihu.ac.ir/article_317.html
https://iee.rihu.ac.ir/article_317_95b3b8a7d3fc9a5294ab820dee5e046f.pdf
Research Institute of Hawzah and University; "Hawzah wa Dāneshgāh Research Institute"
Journal of Iran's Economic Essays (JIEE)
1735-3300
2588-5812
2
4
2005
09
23
Justice, according to Islamic and western intellectuals
115
138
FA
Mohammad Zamane
Rostami
Ph.D. in Economics
mzrostami1962@gmail.com
Natural law, according to many of western intellectuals, are dominant<br />rules over human and creation, those which are impossible to be<br />interchanged and have created for human happiness. It is leaved,<br />finding them out, up to human. To balance relationships in society,<br />government and statue should be based upon natural law. Justice<br />may be defined as: moderation in affairs, equal opportunities among<br />same people, moderation in mental power, self- controlling over<br />anger, lust and distributing works based on talents.<br />Muslim Intellectuals believe that the whole universe is based upon<br />moderation and every thing is placed in its own position. They all<br />receive their real right and do their own obligation.<br />Justice is the task of performing talents. Every entity accepts<br />different forms. In this case, justice refers to this point that it is the<br />right of every thing to receive perfect, nice, stable and efficient form.<br />Human soul is composed of various faculties. Moderation in various<br />faculties of human soul is called justice. A moderated soul is the scale<br />of justice. It can measure the real value of every entity and place it in<br />its own position.<br />Social balance forms on the bases of natural differences of people,<br />ownership based on work, real social and individual necessities,<br />principle of benevolence, and principle of utmost productivity. Justice<br />is the fundamental of existence, the manifestation of "divinity",<br />putting everything in its own position, and granting him divine gifts<br />according to his talents. It moderates, overlaps and perfect all the<br />entities. Human life would survive and perfect by doing justice.<br />Justice means moderation in tendencies, interests, feelings,<br />inclinations, behavior and human relationship with god and nature.<br />Fair is the one who have moderate spiritual faculty and one of (his or<br />her) instincts or faculties do not overwhelm the other.
Justice,Natural law,Talents blooming,Perfection,Mental balance
https://iee.rihu.ac.ir/article_318.html
https://iee.rihu.ac.ir/article_318_f2ab3997cba7fae67983e02a7417f63c.pdf
Research Institute of Hawzah and University; "Hawzah wa Dāneshgāh Research Institute"
Journal of Iran's Economic Essays (JIEE)
1735-3300
2588-5812
2
4
2005
09
23
Residential Electricity Use Demand Estimation in Khuzestan Province
139
185
FA
Elham
Pourazarm
Faculty Member of Azad University
In contrast with other source of energy, electricity besides having<br />great importance in production and consumption, plays an important<br />role in economic & social decision – making process. During last<br />years, the variations procedure of residential electricity use has an<br />increasing scale. Through ١٩٧٧ to ٢٠٠١, total residential use of<br />electricity in Khuzestan province had increased tenfold and annual<br />use of every subscriber increases threefold.<br />The article tends to estimate residential electricity use demand<br />based on studies from ١٩٥١ to ٢٠٠٢ in iran and those in other<br />countries through ١٩٧٨ to ٢٠٠٠.<br />Both long and short run equations are estimated by (OLS)<br />(ordinary least squares) method and ECM (error correction model)<br />method in turn. Time series, considered in this article, are between<br />١٩٨٨ and ٢٠٠١. In this study, Time series are stationary, moreover<br />estimated models consist with classical hypothesis.<br />Regression of the model shows that long-run price elasticity is -<br />٠.٩٧ and long-run income elasticity is ١.٢٢, in short – run, they are -<br />٠.٢٢ and ٠.٥٤. Gas as a substitution for electricity has negative<br />coefficient in the model, therefore, the less the price of gas, the more<br />the electricity use and then, both gas & electricity will be used<br />simultaneously.<br />One of the reasons may be rising of temperature in buildings<br />because of using gas for cooking, boiling water or using lamps (which<br />produce heat), and thereafter, using air – conditioning and cooling<br />appliances to lower the temperature in hot months of year (about ٧<br />months). These are the most using electricity appliances.<br />Comparing income and price elasticities of residential electricity<br />demand in Khuzestan province, it can be concluded that electricity<br />demand is affected by price and income policies Income policies have<br />more influence than price policies.
Ordinary least squares,Average of family annual income,CPI index,Error correction method,Stationary variable,Unit root test
https://iee.rihu.ac.ir/article_319.html
https://iee.rihu.ac.ir/article_319_d1eaf0a5a45ec55afa163891add78b8c.pdf